What does Independence Day mean to you? In addition to commemorating the birth of the United States, it is also a day for celebrating values of freedom, self-determination, and civic courage. This collection highlights ten individuals from Queens who embodied the spirit of independent thought. They were artists, educators, activists, and advocates who pushed against convention, spoke truth to power, and helped shape their communities in lasting ways. Many are not widely known, but their legacies live on in the streets and plazas named in their honor. Through their stories, we celebrate not just national independence but the everyday acts of vision, resistance, and creativity that define a truly free society.
Photo Mal Walker, 1964 World's Fair QPL Archives
Google, 2024
John Watusi Branch (1943 – 2013) was the co-founder of the Afrikan Poetry Theater in Jamaica, Queens.
Branch, known as “Baba,” meaning “father,” co-founded the Afrikan Poetry Theater Ensemble, the progenitor to the theater, with Yusef Waliyayain in 1976, bringing together poets and musicians performing jazz, funk, and African rhythms. The Afrikan Poetry Theater was incorporated as a nonprofit in 1977 and expanded to offer cultural and educational tours to West Africa and developed a summer youth employment program. He was a well-known figure in the pan-African movement to establish independence for African nations and unify black people across the world. He was a published poet and author of several titles, including “A Story of Kwanza: Black/Afrikan Holy Days” and “Journey to the Motherland.”
Gil Tauber, "NYC Honorary Street Names," accessed June 15, 2022, http://www.nycstreets.info/honorStreet.asp?b=Q&letter=J
Madina Toure, "Jamaica street renamed for late co-founder of Afrikan Poetry Theatre," QNS.com, July 4, 2016, https://qns.com/2014/01/john-watusi-branch-co-founder-of-the-afrikan-poetry-theatre-dies-at-70-years-old/
"Stated Minutes of February 5, 2016," New York City Council, https://a860-gpp.nyc.gov/concern/nyc_government_publications/9p290b09p?locale=en
Salin Adofo, "Baba John Watusi Branch passes on to the ancestors," Amsterdam News, January 9, 2014, https://amsterdamnews.com/news/2014/01/09/baba-john-watusi-branch-passes-ancestors/
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The murder of Emmett Till inspired Sister Nzingha Abena (1939-2019) to devote her life to working for Justice, Peace and Equality for all. She worked in poverty programs set up in 1968 to help secure jobs for inner city youth and provide day care centers. She volunteered in the Public Schools from 1962-1973. She eventually found her calling as an educator. She attended Fordham University on full scholarship, earning a Bachelor of Arts in Education/Social Science and a Master’s in Education. She taught at P.S. 113K, P.S. 21K and Brooklyn College High School Academy. After retiring from the NYC Dept. of Education, she continued her work in the community. She was the Co-Chair of the Million Man/Woman March Coordinating Council of Queens, Inc. from 1995-2008. She was Vice President and Board member for the Varied Internship Program for more than 20 years. In that capacity she helped more than 1000 youth from southeast Queens obtain meaningful after school paid internships. Sister Nzingha was a key organizers of the Annual Black College Tour, For five years she annually travelled with hundreds of Middle and High School students to more than eleven historically Black Colleges. She also had a leadership role in organizing Youth Days, Fathers and their Families Marches and community political, education and economic forums for the residents of Southeast Queens. At the time of her death, she was also doing volunteer teaching in the after school program at P.S.156.
Queens Borough President's Office. (2021, March 19). Borough President Richards to Preside over Street Co-Naming Ceremony. https://queensbp.org/advisory-borough-president-richards-to-preside-over-street-co-naming-ceremony/
“274822924,” OpenStreetMap, accessed December 7, 2023, https://www.openstreetmap.org/way/274822924
Guillermo Vasquez, Photo courtesy of and Copyright: LA GUARDIA AND WAGNER ARCHIVES
Guillermo Vasquez (1953-1996) was a leading gay rights, AIDS, and Latino community activist in Queens who emigrated from Colombia in 1972. A member of Queens Gays and Lesbians United, Vasquez would go on to serve on the board of the Empire State Pride Agenda, a statewide organization that advocated for LGBT rights. In 1993, he helped organize the first Queens Pride Parade as a member of the Queens Lesbian and Gay Pride Committee and served as a translator for Spanish-speaking participants. Vasquez passed away due to AIDS-related complications in 1996.
The corner of 77th Street and Broadway was co-named “Guillermo Vasquez Corner” next to the site of the Love Boat, a former gay Latino bar where he educated the community about HIV/AIDS.
Amanda Davis, "Guillermo Vasquez Corner," NYC LGBT Historic Sites Project, 2018, https://www.nyclgbtsites.org/site/guillermo-vasquez-corner/
Breanna Bishop, “Jackson Heights street corner renamed after LGBT activist,” Metro, July 25, 2013, https://www.metro.us/jackson-heights-street-corner-renamed-after-lgbt-activist/
Marjorie and Nicholas Ferrigno were founding members of The Broadway-Flushing Homeowners’ Association.
Marjorie Ferrigno (1916 – 2013) was an educator who founded the Fiorello LaGuardia High School of Music and Art and Performing Arts. She was President of the American Educational Theatre Association which represented all nonprofessional theatre in the United States, Secretary and Executive Committee member of the American National Theatre and Academy, was Chair of the North Shore Branch League, taught speech courses at several universities, a founding chairman of the drama department at LaGuardia High School of Music and Performing Arts, past President of the American Educational Theatre Association, chairman of the North Shore Branch of League of Woman Voters and steering committee member of the Economic Development Committee. She was a founding member and President of the Broadway-Flushing Homeowners’ Association and won a landmark court case to enforce a restrictive covenant, which led to a rezoning of part of Northern Boulevard.
Nicholas Ferrigno (d. 2010) was a senior instructor for American Airlines at JFK and LaGuardia Airport and a member of the Society of Automotive Engineers. He was a founding member of The Broadway-Flushing Homeowners’ Association.
Gil Tauber, "NYC Honorary Street Names," accessed June 15, 2022, http://www.nycstreets.info/
New York Times. (2013, December 2). Paid Notice: Deaths Ferrigno. https://archive.nytimes.com/query.nytimes.com/gst/fullpage-9C0CE0DD1E3AF931A35751C1A9659D8B63.html
Mohamed, Carlotta. (2022, June 1). Broadway-Flushing Homeowners’ Association honors late founding members with ‘Ferrigno Place’ street co-naming ceremony. QNS.com. https://qns.com/2022/06/broadway-flushing-ferrigno-way-street-co-naming/
Photo by Leo Sano, 2022
Lewis Mumford (1895 - 1990) was a literary critic, historian, sociologist, philosopher of technology and city planner, who was an expert on urban architecture and cities. Mumford was an original homeowner in Sunnyside Gardens, where he lived with his wife, Sophia, and their two children from 1927 to 1936, at 40-02 44th Street.
Mumford was born in Flushing and graduated from Stuyvesant High School in 1912. He studied at the City College of New York and The New School for Social Research. Showing his early interest in utopianism, he wrote his first book at the age of 27, entitled, The Story of Utopias, where he argued that utopian literature could provide useful ideas for the present. Mumford had a broad career as a writer whose literary output consisted of over 20 books and thousands of articles and reviews. He was also the long-time architecture critic at The New Yorker magazine. In 1962, his book, The City in History, won the national book award for nonfiction. Mumford was arguably the most read and influential urbanist of the mid-20th century.
Paul Menchaca, “Lewis Mumford, Noted Urbanist, Is Honored In Sunnyside Gardens,” Queens Chronicle, December 22, 2004, https://www.qchron.com/editions/western/lewis-mumford-noted-urbanist-is-honored-in-sunnyside-gardens/article_20649073-f537-5820-ab8a-f45573f0f513.html
"Mumford, Lewis," Encyclopedia of Science, Technology, and Ethics, Encyclopedia.com, (December 20, 2022), https://www.encyclopedia.com/science/encyclopedias-almanacs-transcripts-and-maps/mumford-lewis
Library of Congress, Prints & Photographs Division, HABS, HABS NY,41-KEWG,1--1, https://www.loc.gov/pictures/item/ny1076.photos.122390p/
Library of Congress, Prints & Photographs Division, Carl Van Vechten Collection, LC-USZ62-109113, https://www.loc.gov/pictures/item/2004662647/
Ralph Johnson Bunche (August 7, 1903 - December 9, 1971) was an African-American political scientist, diplomat, scholar, civil rights activist, and Nobel Prize winner. Bunche is most celebrated for his accomplishments while working at the United Nations, which he helped found. While at the U.N., Bunche was a leading figure in the decolonization movement and the Arab-Israeli conflict in Palestine. His mediation efforts during the conflict in Palestine earned him a Nobel Peace Prize in 1950, making Bunche the first African-American to earn the award. Upon his return following the armistice, he received a hero’s welcome in New York, where a ticker-tape parade was held in his honor.
Bunche was born in Detroit, Michigan, to parents Fred Bunche and Olive (Johnson) Bunche, as the oldest of two siblings. His father was a barber in a whites-only shop, while his mother was an amateur musician. He also had a younger sister, Grace, born in 1915. Little is known about Bunche’s childhood in Detroit; he had a modest upbringing, although his family struggled with finances. When Bunche was about ten years old, his family moved to Albuquerque, New Mexico, after his mother developed rheumatic fever upon the birth of his younger sister, Grace. Despite hopes that the arid New Mexico climate would help his mother’s ailing health, she died shortly after the move. Shortly after, Bunche’s father died for unknown reasons, leaving Bunche and his sister orphans.
After the death of his parents, he moved in with his maternal grandmother, Lucy Taylor Johnson, in Los Angeles, California. Bunche’s grandmother lived in a bungalow in a primarily white neighborhood, where Bunche would be subjected to racism. Recognizing Bunche’s potential and sage-like wisdom, his grandmother enrolled him and his sister at a local public school and encouraged him to aspire to a college education. Despite some school officials wanting to enroll Bunche in a vocational program, his grandmother insisted that her grandson receive a college preparatory education.
Bunche maintained strong ties to education throughout his life. In high school, Bunche excelled intellectually and graduated as valedictorian of Jefferson High School. With the encouragement and support of his grandmother, Bunche accepted a scholarship from the University of California at Los Angeles (UCLA), where he studied international relations. At UCLA, Bunche was an active student; he played on the school’s basketball and football teams, participated in debate and journalism clubs, served as a Phi Beta Kappa honor society member, and worked multiple jobs to support his education. In 1927, Bunche graduated with his Bachelor of Arts at the top of his class. Later, Bunche continued his studies, earning his master's and doctorate from Harvard University in 1934, becoming the first African American to earn a doctorate in political science. While earning his doctorate, Bunche worked as a political science professor at Howard University. Following his time at the United Nations, Bunche served as a New York City Board of Education member from 1958 to 1964 and was a trustee for the New Lincoln School in New York City. Bunche fiercely advocated for the desegregation of New York City Schools.
Outside of his diplomatic career, Bunche was heavily involved with the Civil Rights Movement throughout the 1950s and 1960s. He frequently criticized America’s social systems, specifically segregation and racial oppression, arguing they were incompatible with democracy. Bunche participated in several marches led by Martin Luther King Jr., most notably the 1963 March on Washington and the 1965 Selma March. Moreover, he actively served on the board of the National Association for the Advancement of Colored People (NAACP) from 1949 until his death. Bunche’s support of the Civil Rights Movement demonstrated his commitment to racial justice and equality.
Ralph Bunche died in New York at the age of sixty-seven due to complications with kidney and heart-related diseases. Many regarded him as one of the most accomplished and brilliant figures of his time, including President John F. Kennedy, who bestowed him with the Presidential Medal of Freedom in 1963. Over the course of his career, he earned several doctorates, honors, and accolades, overcoming racial and systemic barriers. Bunche’s accomplishments and support for human rights, education, racial justice, and decolonization cemented him as an influential figure in Black History for decades to come.
Biography. "Ralph Bunche." Biography. Last modified May 19, 2021. https://www.biography.com/political-figures/ralph-bunche.
Haberman, Frederick W. "The Nobel Peace Prize 1950: Ralph Bunche Biographical." The Nobel Prize. Haberman, Frederick W., ed. "The Nobel Peace Prize 1950: Ralph Bunche Biographical ." NobelPrize.org. Accessed September 26, 2023. https://www.nobelprize.org/prizes/peace/1950/bunche/biographical/.
McFadden, Robert D. "Dr. Bunche of U.N., Nobel Winner, Dies." The New York Times, December 10, 1971. https://www.nytimes.com/1971/12/10/archives/dr-bunche-of-un-nobel-winner-dies-dr-ralph-j-bunche-of-un-is-dead.html.
Stanford University. "Bunche, Ralph Johnson." Stanford University: The Martin Luther King, Jr. Research and Education Institute. https://kinginstitute.stanford.edu/bunche-ralph-johnson.
Watson, Elwood. "Ralph J. Bunche (ca. 1903-1971)." BlackPast. Last modified October 17, 2013. https://www.blackpast.org/african-american-history/bunche-ralph-j-ca-1903-1971/.
Photo courtesy of New York State Senate, https://www.nysenate.gov/senators/jose-peralta
Photo of sign courtesy of Annie Tummino, 2023
State Senator José R. Peralta (1971-2018) made history by becoming the first Dominican American elected to the New York State Senate when he assumed office in District 13. He served from 2010 until his death in 2018. His tenure was marked by a focus on immigration justice, support for working-class families, access to quality education for all children and advocacy for LGBT rights. He was most notable as his chamber's leading champion for undocumented young people whom he believed deserved equal opportunity to achieve the American Dream. He introduced the New York DREAM Act in 2013 and increased its support over the following years. Prior to his election to the State Senate, he served in the New York State Assembly from 2002 to 2010, representing the 39th Assembly District. He was a member of the New York State Senate Black, Puerto Rican, Hispanic and Asian caucuses, and of the Puerto Rican Hispanic Task Force. As a state legislator, his sponsorship of gun-control legislation and a bill requiring microstamping on bullet-casings has drawn the ire of the National Rifle Association. He was a champion of economic development and job creation, and was a fighter for immigrants’ rights. He worked to heighten awareness of domestic violence and protect battered spouses from further abuse.
Gil Tauber, "NYC Honorary Street Names," accessed June 15, 2022, http://www.nycstreets.info/
Jeffery C. Mays, "José Peralta, First Dominican-American Elected to New York State Senate, Dies at 47," The New York Times, November 22, 2018, https://www.nytimes.com/2018/11/22/nyregion/jose-peralta-dominican-american-senator-dead.html
Queens Gazette Staff, "Peralta Way," Queens Gazette, October 9, 2019, https://www.qgazette.com/articles/peralta-way
Wikidata contributors, "Q6279511”, Wikidata, accessed December 7, 2023, https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6279511
Photo courtesy of her son, Malik Sanders.
Photo courtesy of Clara Ontal, 2023
Antoinette Jamilah Ali-Sanders (1958-2019) worked to improve society as a designer, developer and organizer. A third-generation college graduate, she trained as a landscape architect with a minor in civil engineering. She was one of the first Black women to graduate in landscape architecture from Rutgers University.
Ali-Sanders worked for the NYC Parks Department for 35 years. At Parks, she worked with the first group of women out in the field in 1981. She prepared contract drawings and documents, and inspected, monitored, managed and supervised the construction of parks, playgrounds and structures, as well as the restoration of monuments. She also founded a construction company called Metro Skyway Construction; a foundation for PEACE (Progressive Economics and Cultural Enrichment); and the Jersey City Monitoring Trade Association. She worked closely with Rev. Al Sharpton, Mayor David Dinkins and Dr. Lenora Fulani when she became a member of the Committee for Independent Community Actions. One of Ali-Sanders' last architectural projects was for a Pan African activist named Queen Makkada, who was planning to build a school in Africa. She was given the honorary title of Lady Jamilah before her passing.
Gil Tauber, "NYC Honorary Street Names," accessed June 15, 2022, http://www.nycstreets.info/
Christian Spencer, "A Street For Jamilah," The Wave, October 3, 2019, https://www.rockawave.com/articles/a-street-for-jamilah/
Obituary, Louise Antoinette Jamilah Ali, Legacy.com, https://www.legacy.com/funeral-homes/obituaries/name/louise-antoinette-ali-obituary?pid=193688784&v=batesville&view=guestbook
NYPD Police Portrait, Public Domain
Mary "Mae" Foley (1886-1967) shattered gender barriers within the NYPD, becoming one of its first female plainclothes detectives. Her pioneering work inspired over 2,000 women to join the force. She served from 1923 to 1945.
Born in Manhattan's Lower East Side Gas House District to Irish and French immigrant parents, Mary Foley always aspired to a police career, even after marrying young and having children. As an adult, she resided at 30-16 82nd Street in Jackson Heights, Queens.
Foley began her NYPD training in 1923 and joined the "Masher Squad," a unit dedicated to protecting women from predatory men. She was later assigned to detective work under Chief Inspector William Leahy, actively participating in raids with the Volstead Act enforcement squad (also known as the Bureau of Prohibition or Prohibition Unit). From 1925 to 1930, she was assigned to the 19th Precinct in Manhattan. In 1930, she transferred to the 108th Precinct in Queens, where she became a detective in the homicide division.
During her career, Foley worked with Manhattan District Attorney Thomas Dewey, playing a crucial role in the successful conviction of Italian-born gangster Charles "Lucky" Luciano and exposing the pro-Nazi organization, the German American Bund.
Foley also contributed to the war effort by helping to organize the Women's Volunteer Police Reserves during World War I, serving as its captain.
Her legacy is documented in the book The Girls Who Fought Crime: The Untold True Story of the Country's First Female Investigator and Her Crime Fighting Squad by Mari Eder.
In 2024, a street was named "Det. Mary "Mae" Foley Way" in her honor, due to its proximity to the former site of the NYPD's 108th Precinct.
"Committee Report of the Infrastructure Division," The Council of the City of New York, December 19, 2024
"POLICE WOMAN TO RETIRE; Mrs. Mae Foley Began Service in 1923 With 'Masher Squad,'" The New York Times, December 26, 1945
Gavin Newsham, "Mary Foley was a trailblazing 1920s NYC female police officer," New York Post, August 12, 2023
Eder, Mari K., "The Girls Who Fought Crime: The Untold True Story of the Country’s First Female Investigator and Her Crime Fighting Squad," Sourcebooks, August 8, 2023
Photo courtesy of the Archives at Queens Public Library, Portrait Collection, http://digitalarchives.queenslibrary.org/browse/conrad-poppenhusen
Conrad Poppenhusen (1818-1883), entrepreneur and philanthropist, was born in Hamburg, Germany on April 1, 1818. After working for a whalebone merchant as a whalebone purchaser in Europe, Poppenhusen moved to the United States in 1843 to set up a whalebone processing plant on the Brooklyn waterfront. In 1852 he obtained a license from Charles Goodyear to manufacture hard rubber goods, and then moved his firm to a farming village in what is now Queens. Poppenhusen is credited with creating the Village of College Point, which was formed in 1870 when it incorporated the neighborhoods of Flammersburg and Strattonport. In order to accommodate his factory workers he initiated numerous developments; including the establishment of housing, the First Reformed Church, and construction of streets.. In 1868, he opened the Flushing and North Side Railroad, which connected the town to New York City. In that same year he also founded the Poppenhusen Institute, which was comprised of a vocational high school and the first free kindergarten in the United States, and is the oldest school in Queens today. After Poppenhusen retired in 1871, his family lost much of its fortune due to the financial mismanagement by his three sons. Conrad Poppenhusen died in College Point on December 12, 1883.
"Poppenhusen Playground," New York City Department of Parks & Recreation, accessed January 27, 2023, https://www.nycgovparks.org/parks/poppenhusen-playground/history